Covid-19 Sentry

Contents

• From Preprints
• From Clinical Trials
• From PubMed
• From Patent Search

From Preprints

• Indonesian Economic Disruption in Covid-19 Pandemic -
  Global economic has been affected Indonesia for several years. It get worse because of Covid-19 that has been affected all over the world include Indonesia. This pandemic is impact Indonesian economic growth. According to ministry of finance (CNN Indonesia,2020), Sri Mulyani said that the spread of Corona virus is still increasing every time and the financial impact will be more serious, so it impact to Indonesian Economy for sure. The cause of the slump in economic growth is because of the decrease of household consumption, investment and government consumption. Sri Mulyani said that house hold consumption decreased from 3, 2% to 1, 6%. It’s really bad effect many company in Indonesia, they have a slump income.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Indonesian Economic Disruption in Covid-19 Pandemic
• Cognitive Reappraisal and Self-Compassion as Emotion Regulation Strategies for Parents during COVID-19: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial -
  Objective. Parenting during pandemic restrictions places extreme demands on everyday family life, leading to increased stress levels for parents and distressed parent-child interactions. This RCT aimed to investigate whether cognitive reappraisal and self-compassion are helpful emotion regulation (ER) strategies to reduce individual and parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method. An online intervention for parents was developed focusing on the application of ER strategies to pandemic requirements of families. A sample of 265 parents were randomly assigned to either cognitive reappraisal (CR; n = 88), self-compassion (SC; n = 90) or wait-list control (WLC; n = 87) group. Interventions included two video sessions (day 1 and day 3) and three email reminders to transfer the application of ER strategies to daily family life (days 2, 4, 5). Parents’ perceived individual stress and parental stress were assessed at baseline (T0), at T1 prior to the booster session on day 3, and at T2 (7 days after baseline). Results. Significant decreases from T0 to T2 emerged for both primary stress outcomes in both intervention groups. Individual stress significantly decreased in CR compared to WLC at T2, but not compared to SC. No time × group interactions for parental stress were found. However, mediation analyses suggested that parental stress was indirectly decreased via reductions in individual stress for CR compared to WLC at both time points. Conclusions. COVID-19 will not be the last pandemic to affect family life. Cognitive reappraisal as a brief online intervention can ease acute stress and strengthen the mental health of parents in acute crises.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Cognitive Reappraisal and Self-Compassion as Emotion Regulation Strategies for Parents during COVID-19: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial
• System-wide hematopoietic and immune signaling aberrations in COVID-19 revealed by deep proteome and phosphoproteome analysis -

  The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has become a global crisis. To gain systems-level insights into its pathogenesis, we compared the blood proteome and phosphoproteome of ICU patients with or without SARS-CoV-2 infection, and healthy control subjects by quantitative mass spectrometry. We find that COVID-19 is marked with hyperactive T cell and B cell signaling, compromised innate immune response, and dysregulated inflammation, coagulation, metabolism, RNA splicing, transcription and translation pathways. SARS-CoV-2 infection causes global reprogramming of the kinome and kinase-substrate network, resulting in defective antiviral defense via the CK2-OPN-IL-12/IFN-I axis, lymphocyte cell death via aberrant JAK/STAT signaling, and inactivation of innate immune cells via inhibitory SIRPA, SIGLEC and SLAM family receptor signaling. Our work identifies CK2, SYK, JAK3, TYK2 and IL-12 as potential targets for immunomodulatory treatment of severe COVID-19 and provides a valuable approach and resource for deciphering the mechanism of pathogen-host interactions.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: System-wide hematopoietic and immune signaling aberrations in COVID-19 revealed by deep proteome and phosphoproteome analysis
• “It is the only constant in what feels like a completely upside down and scary world”: Living with an Eating Disorder during COVID-19 and the importance of perceived control for recovery and relapse. -
  Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound, negative impact on the lives and wellbeing of the population, and it can raise additional challenges for individuals with eating disorders. During early stages of the UK lockdown, individuals reported disruptions to many aspects of their lives, including reduced feelings of control and serious concerns over the impact of the pandemic on eating disorder symptoms and/or recovery. This study compares data from two time points to explore the ongoing impacts of the pandemic on this population. Method: A mixed-methods online survey was developed for the purpose of this study. Data was collected at the two key time points: First, soon after the start of the first UK lockdown (April 2020) and second, as the first lockdown restrictions began to be lifted (June 2020). The sample consisted of 58 individuals currently experiencing, or in recovery from, an eating disorder. Participants were aged between 16-65 years; 57 identified as female, and 1 male. Results: Higher perceptions of general, external control were associated with recovery between the time points. Individuals who experienced less perceived control reported a tendency to rely upon eating disorder behaviours as an auxiliary coping mechanism, i.e., diminished external control was directed inwards and replaced with controlling their own behaviour. Conclusions: Perceived control is a significant factor in eating disorder recovery. As a result of the pandemic’s negative impact upon peoples’ sense of control, individuals with eating disorders are at significant risk of detrimental impacts on their recovery and wellbeing. The results have implications for future treatments based on strengthening individuals’ perceptions of control to promote recovery.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: “It is the only constant in what feels like a completely upside down and scary world”: Living with an Eating Disorder during COVID-19 and the importance of perceived control for recovery and relapse.
• Genetic screening for TLR7 variants in young and previously healthy men with severe COVID-19: a case series -

  Advanced age, male sex and chronic comorbidities are associated with severe COVID-19. However, these general risk factors cannot explain why critical illness occurs in young and apparently healthy individuals. In the past months, several publications have identified susceptibility loci and genes using comprehensive GWAS studies or genome, exome or candidate genes analysis. A recent study reported rare, loss-of-function TLR7 variants in otherwise healthy young brother pairs from two families with severe COVID-19. We aimed to prospectively study the prevalence of rare X-chromosomal TLR7 genetic variants in our cohort of young male patients with severe COVID-19. We recruited 13 patients ≤50 years who had no risk factors known to be associated with severe disease. We studied the entire TLR7 coding region and identified two missense variants (p.Asn215Ser, c.644A>G and p.Trp933Arg, c.2797T>C) in two out of 13 cases (15.4%). These variants were not previously reported in population control databases (gnomAD) and were predicted to be damaging by all in silico predictors. The male index patients were between 25 and 30 years old and had no apparent comorbidities. The TLR7 p.Asn215Ser co-segregated in 2 first-degree relatives severely affected by COVID-19, in a younger previously healthy the variant was found in hemizygous state , and in an older than 60 was in heterozygous state. No family members were available for testing the segregation of the p.Trp933Arg variant. These results further support that susceptibility to severe COVID-19 could be determined by inherited rare genetic variants in TLR7. Understanding the causes and mechanisms of life-threatening COVID-19 is crucial and could lead to novel preventive and therapeutic options. This study supports a rationale for the genetic screening for TLR7 variants in young men with severe COVID-19 in the absence of other relevant risk factors. A diagnosis of TLR7 deficiency could not only inform on treatment options for the patient, but it also enables for pre-symptomatic testing of at-risk male relatives with the possibility of instituting early preventive and therapeutic interventions.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Genetic screening for TLR7 variants in young and previously healthy men with severe COVID-19: a case series
• Emergence of porcine delta-coronavirus pathogenic infections among children in Haiti through independent zoonoses and convergent evolution -

  Coronaviruses have caused three major epidemics since 2003, including the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In each case, coronavirus emergence in our species has been associated with zoonotic transmissions from animal reservoirs, underscoring how prone such pathogens are to spill over and adapt to new species. Among the four recognized genera of the family Coronaviridae (Alphacoronavirus, Betacoronavirus, Deltacoronavirus, Gammacoronavirus), human infections reported to date have been limited to alpha and betacoronaviruses. We identify, for the first time, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) strains in plasma samples of three Haitian children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness. Genomic and evolutionary analyses reveal that human infections were the result of at least two independent zoonoses of distinct viral lineages that acquired the same mutational signature in the nsp15 and the spike glycoprotein genes by convergent evolution. In particular, structural analysis predicts that one of the changes in the Spike S1 subunit, which contains the receptor-binding domain, may affect flexibity of the protein and binding to the host cell receptor. Our findings not only underscore the ability of deltacoronaviruses to adapt and potentially lead to human-to-human transmission, but also raise questions about the role of such transmissions in development of pre-existing immunity to other coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Emergence of porcine delta-coronavirus pathogenic infections among children in Haiti through independent zoonoses and convergent evolution
• The Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6): A new instrument for assessing anxiety response to viral epidemics in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic -
  During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have reported experiencing anxiety in response to the viral epidemic. This study aimed to explore the validity and usefulness of the Stress and Anxiety to the Viral Epidemic-6 items (SAVE-6) scale for measuring the anxiety response to the viral epidemic of the general population. A total of 1,009 respondents participated in an online survey, and 501 (49.7%) participants were rated as having at least a mild degree of anxiety response to the viral epidemic (SAVE-6 score ≥ 15), whereas 90 (8.9%) and 91 (9.0%) were rated as having depression and anxiety, respectively. The SAVE-6 scales showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .82). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor structure for the measure. Goodness-of-fit indices (χ2/df ratio = 19.1, CFI = .92; TLI = .86; SRMR = 0.05; RMSEA = .13) were adequate. The SAVE-6 was found to be a reliable, valid, and useful brief measure that can be applied to the general population. The SAVE-6 may be useful for easily assessing the anxiety symptoms during the pandemic in the general population.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6): A new instrument for assessing anxiety response to viral epidemics in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic
• Rapid, widespread, and preferential increase of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant in Houston, TX, revealed by 8,857 genome sequences -

  Genetic variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have become of great interest worldwide because they have the potential to detrimentally alter the course of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and disease in individual patients. We recently sequenced 20,453 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from patients with COVID-19 disease in metropolitan Houston (population 7 million), dating from March 2020 to early February 2021. We discovered that all major variants of concern or interest are circulating in the region. To follow up on this discovery, we analyzed 8,857 genome sequences from patients in eight Houston Methodist hospitals dispersed throughout the metroplex diagnosed from January 1, 2021 to March 7, 2021. This sample represents 94% of Houston Methodist cases and 4.8% of all reported cases in metropolitan Houston during this period. We discovered rapid, widespread, and preferential increase of the SARS-CoV-2 UK B.1.1.7 throughout the region. The estimated case doubling time in the Houston area is 6.9 days. None of the 648 UK B.1.1.7 samples identified had the E484K change in spike protein that can cause decreased recognition by antibodies.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Rapid, widespread, and preferential increase of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant in Houston, TX, revealed by 8,857 genome sequences
• The impact of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns accounting for antibody-dependent enhancement -
  Background: COVID-19 vaccines are approved, vaccination campaigns are launched, and worldwide return to normality seems within close reach. Nevertheless, concerns about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines arose, due to their fast emergency approval. In fact, the problem of antibody-dependent enhancement was raised in the context of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods and findings: We introduce a complex extension of the model underlying the pandemic preparedness tool CovidSim 1.1 (http://covidsim.eu/) to optimize vaccination strategies with regard to the onset of campaigns, vaccination coverage, vaccination schedules, vaccination rates, and efficiency of vaccines. Vaccines are not assumed to immunize perfectly. Some individuals fail to immunize, some reach only partial immunity, and - importantly - some develop antibody-dependent enhancement, which increases the likelihood of developing symptomatic and severe episodes (associated with higher case fatality) upon infection. Only a fraction of the population will be vaccinated, reflecting vaccination hesitancy or contraindications. The model is intended to facilitate decision making by exploring ranges of parameters rather than to be fitted by empirical data. We parameterized the model to reflect the situation in Germany and predict increasing incidence (and prevalence) in early 2021 followed by a decline by summer. Assuming contact reductions (curfews, social distancing, etc.) to be lifted in summer, disease incidence will peak again. Fast vaccine deployment contributes to reduce disease incidence in the first quarter of 2021, and delay the epidemic outbreak after the summer season. Higher vaccination coverage results in a delayed and reduced epidemic peak. A coverage of 75% - 80% is necessary to prevent an epidemic peak without further drastic contact reductions. Conclusions: With the vaccine becoming available, compliance with contact reductions is likely to fade. To prevent further economic damage from COVID-19, high levels of immunization need to be reached before next year’s flu season, and vaccination strategies and disease management need to be flexibly adjusted. The predictive model can serve as a refined decision support tool for COVID-19 management.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The impact of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns accounting for antibody-dependent enhancement
• Arginine Methylation Regulates SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Function and Viral Replication -
  Viral proteins are known to be methylated by host protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) playing critical roles during viral infections. Herein, we show that PRMT1 methylates SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein at residues R95 and R177 within RGG/RG sequences. Arginine methylation of N protein was confirmed by immunoblotting viral proteins extracted from SARS-CoV-2 virions isolated by cell culture. We demonstrate that arginine methylation of N protein is required for its RNA binding capacity, since treatment with a type I PRMT inhibitor (MS023) or substitution of R95K or R177K inhibited interaction with the 5’-UTR of the SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA. We defined the N interactome in HEK293 cells with or without MS023 treatment and identified PRMT1 and many of its RGG/RG substrates including the known interactor, G3BP1, and other components of stress granules (SG). Methylation of N protein at R95 regulates another function namely its property to suppress the formation of SGs. MS023 treatment or R95K substitution blocked N-mediated suppression of SGs. Also, the co-expression of methylarginine reader TDRD3 quenched N-mediated suppression of SGs in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, pre-treatment of VeroE6 cells with MS023 significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 replication. With type I PRMT inhibitors being in clinical trials for cancer treatment, inhibiting arginine methylation to target the later stages of the viral life cycle such as viral genome packaging and assembly of virions may be an additional therapeutic application of these drugs.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Arginine Methylation Regulates SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Function and Viral Replication
• Factors Associated with Emerging and Re-emerging of SARS-CoV-2 Variants -
  Global spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered unprecedented scientific efforts, as well as containment and treatment measures. Despite these efforts, SARS-CoV-2 infections remain unmanageable in some parts of the world. Due to inherent mutability of RNA viruses, it is not surprising that the SARS-CoV-2 genome has been continuously evolving since its emergence. Recently, four functionally distinct variants, B.1.1.7, B.1.351, P.1 and CAL.20C, have been identified, and they appear to more infectious and transmissible than the original (Wuhan-Hu-1) virus. Here we provide evidence based upon a combination of bioinformatics and structural approaches that can explain the higher infectivity of the new variants. Our results show that the greater infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 than SARS-CoV can be attributed to a combination of several factors, including alternate receptors. Additionally, we show that new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerged in the background of D614G in Spike protein and P323L in RNA polymerase. The correlation analyses showed that all mutations in specific variants did not evolve simultaneously. Instead, some mutations evolved most likely to compensate for the viral fitness.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Factors Associated with Emerging and Re-emerging of SARS-CoV-2 Variants
• New detection of SARS-CoV-2 in two cats height months after COVID-19 outbreak appearance in France -
  Although there are several reports in the literature of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats, few SARS-CoV-2 sequences from infected cats have been published. In this report, SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated in two cats by clinical observation, molecular biology (qPCR and NGS), and serology (Microsphere immunoassay and seroneutralization). Following the observation of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infection in two cats, infection status was confirmed by RT-qPCR and, in one cat, serological analysis for antibodies against N-protein and S-protein, as well as neutralizing antibodies. Comparative analysis of five SARS-CoV-2 sequence-fragments obtained from one of the cats showed that this infection was not with one of the three recently emerged variants of SARS-CoV-2. This study provides additional information on the clinical, molecular, and serological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: New detection of SARS-CoV-2 in two cats height months after COVID-19 outbreak appearance in France
• Oxygen provision to severely ill COVID-19 patients at the peak of the 2020 pandemic in a Swedish district hospital -

  Oxygen is a low-cost and life-saving therapy for patients with COVID-19. Yet, it is a limited resource in many hospitals in low income countries and in the 2020 pandemic even hospitals in richer countries reported oxygen shortages. An accurate understanding of oxygen requirements is needed for capacity planning. The World Health Organization estimates the average flow-rate of oxygen to severe COVID-19-patients to be 10 l/min. However, there is a lack of empirical data about the oxygen provision to patients. This study aimed to estimate the oxygen provision to COVID-19 patients with severe disease in a Swedish district hospital. A retrospective, medical records-based cohort study was conducted in March to May 2020 in a Swedish district hospital. All adult patients with severe COVID-19, those who received oxygen in the ward and had no ICU-admission during their hospital stay, were included. Data were collected on the oxygen flow-rates provided to the patients throughout their hospital stay, and summary measures of oxygen provision calculated. One-hundred and twenty six patients were included, median age was 70 years and 43% were female. On admission, 27% had a peripheral oxygen saturation of <=91% and 54% had a respiratory rate of >=25/min. The mean oxygen flow-rate to patients while receiving oxygen therapy was 3.0 l/min (SD 2.9) and the mean total volume of oxygen provided per patient admission was 16,000 l (SD 23,000). In conclusion, the provision of oxygen to severely ill COVID-19-patients was lower than previously estimated. Further research is required before global estimates are adjusted.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Oxygen provision to severely ill COVID-19 patients at the peak of the 2020 pandemic in a Swedish district hospital
• Characterizing the COVID-19 illness experience to inform the study of post-acute sequelae and recovery: a qualitative study -

  We aimed to characterize the variability in the illness experience and recovery process from COVID-19. We conducted 24 in-depth individual interviews with participants enrolled in the Long-term Immunological Impact of Novel Coronavirus (LIINC) cohort study in San Francisco, California from June through October of 2020. Participants were adults who had a previously confirmed positive SARV-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification test result, had recovered or were recovering from acute infection, and underwent serial evaluations at our clinical research center. We purposefully sampled 24 English- and Spanish-speaking adults with asymptomatic, mild and severe symptomatic infection, including those who were hospitalized, and those with HIV co-infection. Half of our sample (50.0%) identified as Latinx/Hispanic and most of the participants were men (62.5%). We used thematic analysis to characterize the illness experience, recovery process, and mental health impact of experiencing COVID-19 and present clinical data for each participant. Emergent themes were: (1) across symptom profiles and severity, experiencing COVID-19 was associated with psychological distress, (2) among participants with symptomatic infection, the illness experience was characterized by uncertainty in terms of managing symptoms and recovery, and (3) despite wide-ranging illness experiences, participants shared many common characteristics, including health information-seeking behavior facilitated by access to medical care, and uncertainty regarding the course of their illness and recovery. COVID-19 was associated with elevated levels of psychological distress, regardless of symptoms.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Characterizing the COVID-19 illness experience to inform the study of post-acute sequelae and recovery: a qualitative study
• Untangling the cell immune response dynamic for severe and critical cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection -
  COVID-19 is a global pandemic leading high death tolls worldwide day by day. Clinical evidence suggests that COVID-19 patients can be classified as non-severe, severe and critical cases. In particular, studies have highlighted the relationship between the lymphopenia and the severity of the illness, where CD8+ T cells have the lowest levels in critical cases. In this work, we aim to elucidate the key parameters that define the course of the disease deviating from severe to critical case. To this end, several mathematical models are proposed to represent the dynamic of the immune response in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The best model had a good fit to reported experimental data, and in accordance with values found in the literature. Our results suggest that a rapid proliferation of CD8+ T cells is decisive in the severity of the disease.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Untangling the cell immune response dynamic for severe and critical cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection

From Clinical Trials

• Pilot Trial of XFBD, a TCM, in Persons With COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Xuanfei Baidu Granules;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Darcy Spicer
  Recruiting

• Safety and Tolerability of Emricasan in Symptomatic Outpatients Diagnosed With Mild-COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Emricasan;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Histogen
  Recruiting

• Efficacy of Reinforcing Standard Therapy in COVID-19 Patients With Repeated Transfusion of Convalescent Plasma - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Other: Convalescent Plasma with antibody against SARS-CoV-2.;   Other: Standard treatment for COVID-19
  Sponsors:   Hospital Son Llatzer;   Fundació d’investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears
  Recruiting

• SERUR: COVID-19 Serological Survey of Staff From the University Reims-Champagne Ardennes - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Diagnostic Test: Anti-SARS-CoV2 Serology
  Sponsor:   Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
  Completed

• ANTIcoagulation in Severe COVID-19 Patients - Condition:   Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
  Interventions:   Drug: Tinzaparin, Low dose prophylactic anticoagulation;   Drug: Tinzaparin, High dose prophylactic anticoagulation;   Drug: Tinzaparin,Therapeutic anticoagulation
  Sponsor:   Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
  Not yet recruiting

• Neuromodulation in COVID-19 Patients - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Device: Transcranial direct-current stimulation;   Device: Sham Transcranial direct-current stimulation
  Sponsors:   D’Or Institute for Research and Education;   Rio de Janeiro State Research Supporting Foundation (FAPERJ);   Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico;   Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.
  Not yet recruiting

• Immunogenicity and Safety of Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine (CHO Cells) - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: a middle-dose recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (CHO Cell) (18-59 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a high-dose recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (CHO Cell) (18-59 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a middle-dose recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (CHO Cell) (60-85 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a high-dose recombinant COVID-19 vaccine (CHO Cell) (60-85 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a middle-dose placebo (18-59 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a high-dose placebo (18-59 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a middle-dose placebo (60-85 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56;   Biological: a high-dose placebo (60-85 years) at the schedule of day 0, 28, 56
  Sponsors:   Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;   Academy of Military Medical Sciences，Academy of Military Sciences，PLA ZHONGYIANKE Biotech Co, Ltd. LIAONINGMAOKANGYUAN Biotech Co, Ltd
  Recruiting

• Off-the-shelf NK Cells (KDS-1000) as Immunotherapy for COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Biological: KDS-1000;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Kiadis Pharma
  Not yet recruiting

• A Study to Assess if a Medicine Called Bamlanivimab is Safe and Effective in Reducing Hospitalization Due to COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Biological: Bamlanivimab;   Other: Standard of Care
  Sponsors:   Fraser Health;   Fraser Health Authrority Department of Evaluation and Research Services;   Surrey Memorial Hospital Clinical Research Unit;   Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences;   Surrey Hospitals Foundation;   BC Support Unit;   University of British Columbia;   Ministry of Health, British Columbia
  Not yet recruiting

• Effects of Telerehabilitation After Discharge in COVID-19 Survivors - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Other: Telerehabilitation
  Sponsor:   Hacettepe University
  Recruiting

• Corticosteroids for COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Drug: Prednisone;   Device: Point of Care testing device for C-reactive protein
  Sponsor:   University of Alberta
  Not yet recruiting

• Post COVID-19 Syndrome and the Gut-lung Axis - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Dietary Supplement: Omni-Biotic Pro Vi 5;   Dietary Supplement: Placebo
  Sponsors:   Medical University of Graz;   CBmed Ges.m.b.H.
  Not yet recruiting

• Covid-19 Vaccination in Adolescents - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Biological: Tozinameran;   Biological: Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine;   Biological: CoronaVac
  Sponsor:   The University of Hong Kong
  Not yet recruiting

• Efficacy of Adaptogens in Patients With Long COVID-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Interventions:   Dietary Supplement: ADAPT-232 oral solution;   Other: Placebo oral solution
  Sponsors:   Swedish Herbal Institute AB;   National Family Medicine Training Centre, Georgia;   Tbilisi State Medical University;   Phytomed AB
  Not yet recruiting

• Improved Oxygen Therapy in Covid-19 - Condition:   Covid19
  Intervention:   Other: oxygen mask
  Sponsor:   Region Skane
  Recruiting

From PubMed

• Inhibition of HECT E3 ligases as potential therapy for COVID-19 - SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the ongoing world-wide pandemic which has already taken more than two million lives. Effective treatments are urgently needed. The enzymatic activity of the HECT-E3 ligase family members has been implicated in the cell egression phase of deadly RNA viruses such as Ebola through direct interaction of its VP40 Protein. Here we report that HECT-E3 ligase family members such as NEDD4 and WWP1 interact with and ubiquitylate the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. Furthermore, we…

• Effectiveness and safety review of Chinese herbal sachets for external use in the treatment of COVID-19 pandemic: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis - CONCLUSION: This systematic review will provide evidence whether Chinese herbal sachets are effective and safe intervention of COVID-19 Pandemic.

• Heme oxygenase-1 inducer hemin does not inhibit SARS-CoV-2 virus infection - Antiviral agents with different mechanisms of action could induce synergistic effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some reports suggest the therapeutic potential of the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme against virus infection. Given that hemin is a natural inducer of the HO-1 gene, the aim of this study was to develop an in vitro assay to analyze the antiviral potency of hemin against SARS-CoV-2 infection. A SARS-CoV-2 infectivity assay was conducted in Vero-E6 and Calu-3 epithelial cell lines….

• N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2 - The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein contains an immunodominant receptor-binding domain (RBD) targeted by most neutralizing antibodies (Abs) in COVID-19 patient plasma. Little is known about neutralizing Abs binding to epitopes outside the RBD and their contribution to protection. Here, we describe 41 human monoclonal Abs (mAbs) derived from memory B cells, which recognize the SARS-CoV-2 S N-terminal domain (NTD) and show that a subset of them neutralize SARS-CoV-2 ultrapotently. We define an…

• Study on the mechanism of active components of Liupao tea on 3CL^pro based on HPLC-DAD fingerprint and molecular docking technique - Liupao tea, a drink homologous to medicine and food. It can treat dysentery, relieve heat, remove dampness, and regulate the intestines and stomach. The objective of this study is to explore the material basis and mechanism of Liupao tea intervention in COVID-19 and to provide a new prevention and treatment programme for COVID-19. We used high performance liquid chromatography to analyze the extract of Liupao tea and establish its fingerprint. The main index components of the fingerprint were…

• Interleukin-6 Antagonists: Lessons From Cytokine Release Syndrome to the Therapeutic Application in Severe COVID-19 Infection - Current retrospective data have found up to 20% of COVID-19 infection had developed into severe cases with hyperinflammatory pulmonary symptoms. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is recognized as a key mediator of hyperinflammation previously mentioned in cytokine release syndrome. This leads to implementing IL-6 pathway inhibition in severe COVID-19. This review aimed to explore the clinical evidences of using IL-6 antagonists in COVID-19 infection based on most recent available data. Relevant studies were…

• Monoclonal antibodies capable of binding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding motif specifically prevent GM-CSF induction - A severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has recently caused a pandemic COVID-19 disease that infected approximately 94 million and killed more than 2,000,000 people worldwide. Like the SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 also employs a receptor-binding motif (RBM) of its envelope spike protein for binding the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to gain viral entry. Currently, extensive efforts are being made to produce vaccines against a surface fragment of a…

• Discovery of SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease inhibitors through a combination of high-throughput screening and FlipGFP-based reporter assay - The papain-like protease (PL ^(pro) ) of SARS-CoV-2 is a validated antiviral drug target. PL ^(pro) is involved in the cleavage of viral polyproteins and antagonizing host innate immune response through its deubiquitinating and deISG15ylating activities, rendering it a high profile antiviral drug target. Through a FRET-based high-throughput screening, several hits were identified as PL ^(pro) inhibitors with IC (50) values at the single-digit micromolar range. Subsequent lead optimization led to…

• Circadian regulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung epithelial cells - The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, is a global health issue with unprecedented challenges for public health. SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects cells of the respiratory tract, via binding human angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) ^(1,2) , and infection can result in pneumonia and acute respiratory dist ress syndrome. Circadian rhythms coordinate an organisms response to its environment and recent studies report a role for the circadian clock to regulate host susceptibility to…

• Cannabidiol Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Promotes the Host Innate Immune Response - The rapid spread of COVID-19 underscores the need for new treatments. Here we report that cannabidiol (CBD), a compound produced by the cannabis plant, inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection. CBD and its metabolite, 7-OH-CBD, but not congeneric cannabinoids, potently block SARS-CoV-2 replication in lung epithelial cells. CBD acts after cellular infection, inhibiting viral gene expression and reversing many effects of SARS-CoV-2 on host gene transcription. CBD induces interferon expression and…

• A molecular docking study of SARS-CoV-2 main protease against phytochemicals of Boerhavia diffusa Linn. for novel COVID-19 drug discovery - SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of the Corona virus disease that was first recorded in 2019 (COVID-19), has already affected over 110 million people across the world with no clear targeted drug therapy that can be efficiently administered to the wide spread victims. This study tries to discover a novel potential inhibitor to the main protease of the virus, by computer aided drug discovery where various major active phytochemicals of the plant Boerhavia diffusa Linn. namely 2-3-4 beta-Ecdysone,…

• Structure Insights of SARS-CoV-2 open state envelope protein and inhibiting through active phytochemical of ayurvedic medicinal plants from Withania somnifera - Coronaviruses have been causing pandemic situations across the globe for the past two decades and the focus is on identifying suitable novel targets for antivirals and vaccine development. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a small hydrophobic envelope (E) protein that mediates envelope formation, budding, replication, and release of progeny viruses from the host. Through this study, the SARS-CoV-2 E protein is studied for its open and closed state and focused in identifying antiviral herbs used in traditional…

• Coronil, a Tri-Herbal Formulation, Attenuates Spike-Protein-Mediated SARS-CoV-2 Viral Entry into Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Production by Inhibiting Spike Protein-ACE-2 Interaction - CONCLUSION: Coronil prevented SARS-CoV-2 S-protein mediated viral entry into A549 cells by inhibiting spike protein-ACE-2 interactions. SARS-CoV-2 S protein induced inflammatory cytokine response in these cells was also moderated by Coronil.

• Molecular Basis for Bordetella pertussis Interference with Complement, Coagulation, Fibrinolytic, and Contact Activation Systems: the Cryo-EM Structure of the Vag8-C1 Inhibitor Complex - Complement, contact activation, coagulation, and fibrinolysis are serum protein cascades that need strict regulation to maintain human health. Serum glycoprotein, a C1 inhibitor (C1-INH), is a key regulator (inhibitor) of serine proteases of all the above-mentioned pathways. Recently, an autotransporter protein, virulence-associated gene 8 (Vag8), produced by the whooping cough pathogen, Bordetella pertussis, was shown to bind to C1-INH and interfere with its function. Here, we present the…

• Preparedness for self-isolation or quarantine and lockdown in South Africa: results from a rapid online survey - CONCLUSION: The findings highlight the challenge of implementing self-isolation or quarantine in a country with different and unique social contexts. There is a need for public awareness regarding the importance of self-isolation or quarantine as well as counter measures against contextual factors inhibiting this intervention, especially in impoverished communities.

From Patent Search

• Peptides and their use in diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection - - link

• A PROCESS FOR SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF COVID 19 POSITIVE PATIENTS - - link

• Sars-CoV-2 vaccine antigens - - link

• SARS-COV-2 BINDING PROTEINS - - link

• Bildschirmgerät mit verbesserter Wirkung bei der Befestigung von UV-Entkeimungslampen -

  Ein Bildschirmgerät mit verbesserter Wirkung bei der Befestigung von UV-Entkeimungslampen, umfassend: ein Bildschirmgerät, das einen Umfang hat; eine UV-Entkeimungslampe, die sich am Umfang des Bildschirmgeräts befindet; eine Stromquelle, die elektrisch mit der UV-Entkeimungslampe verbunden ist; eine Steuerschaltung, die elektrisch mit der UV-Entkeimungslampe verbunden ist; und eine Befestigungsvorrichtung, durch die die UV-Entkeimungslampe am Umfang des Bildschirmgeräts befestigbar ist, wobei die Befestigungsvorrichtung einen Sitzkörper, eine erste Klemmplatte und eine zweite Klemmplatte aufweist, wobei der Sitzkörper mit der UV-Entkeimungslampe versehen ist, wobei die erste Klemmplatte und die zweite Klemmplatte beabstandet am Sitzkörper gleitbar angeordnet sind, wodurch ein Klemmabstand zwischen der ersten Klemmplatte und der zweiten Klemmplatte besteht, wobei ein elastisches Element zwischen der zweiten Klemmplatte und dem Sitzkörper angeordnet ist, um die zweite Klemmplatte dazu zu zwingen, sich der ersten Klemmplatte zu nähern.

• link

• Schublade mit antiepidemischer Wirkung -

  Schublade mit antiepidemischer Wirkung, mit einem Schrank (1); mindestens einer Schublade (2), die in dem Schrank (1) angeordnet ist, wobei jede Schublade (2) einen Schubladenraum (25) aufweist; einer UV-Sterilisationsvorrichtung (3), die an der Schublade (2) angeordnet ist; einer Stromquelle (4), die elektrisch mit der UV-Sterilisationsvorrichtung (3) verbunden ist; einer Steuerschaltung (5), die elektrisch mit der Stromquelle (4) und der UV-Sterilisationsvorrichtung (3) verbunden ist; und einem Sensor (6), der elektrisch mit der Steuerschaltung (5) verbunden ist.

• link

• Gerät zur Unterstützung und Verstärkung natürlicher Lüftung -

  Lüftungssystem für einen mit öffnbaren Fenstern (16) ausgestatteten Gebäuderaum, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass es ein Gehäuse (18) und einen Ventilator (20) aufweist, wobei durch das Gehäuse eine vom Ventilator erzeugte Luftströmung strömen kann, wobei das Gehäuse dafür eine Einströmöffnung (24) für Luft und eine Ausströmöffnung (22) für Luft enthält, wobei eine der beiden Öffnungen der Form eines Öffnungsspalts (26) zwischen einem Fensterflügel (12) und einem Blendrahmen (14) des Fensters (16) angepasst ist.

• link

• X射线图像识别方法、装置、计算机设备及存储介质 - 本申请涉及一种X射线图像识别方法、装置、计算机设备和存储介质。通过获取X射线图像，将X射线图像作为训练样本；构建多注意力交互网络，多注意力交互网络包括卷积批处理标准化网络、特征提取网络和输出网络；其中特征提取网络包括多注意力交互特征提取模块和批标准化模块，特征提取网络通过学习通道之间的相关性，多通道之间的信息交互来达到增强模型的识别能力。利用训练样本对多注意力交互网络进行训练，得到X射线图像识别模型；获取待测X射线图像；将待测X射线图像输入到X射线图像识别模型中，得到X射线图像的类别。本方法减少了网络的参数量和计算量，提高了模型的泛化能力。 - link

• 利用HEK293细胞制备新型冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白的方法 - 本发明提供一种利用HEK293细胞制备新型冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白的方法，包括：1）构建新冠病毒核衣壳蛋白（N蛋白）重组表达载体；2）用重组表达载体转染HEK293细胞；3）体外培养细胞，从培养上清中分离纯化N蛋白。利用HEK293表达系统可在短时间内获得大量新冠病毒N蛋白，通过一步亲和层析法可获得纯度高达98%以上的N蛋白。与大肠杆菌相比，采用HEK293表达系统制备的N蛋白在与抗体的结合活性及新冠抗体胶体金检测方面均表现出极大优势，且HEK293表达系统制备的N蛋白其蛋白空间构象接近于病毒N基因在宿主体内的蛋白表达构象，具有更高的免疫诊断和抗体制备的准确性，将其用于制作诊断试剂和疫苗前景广阔。 - link

• Compositions and methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein - - link